Lab+5

Lab 5: Human Scale Ergonomics and Frank Gilbreth's 'Therbligs'
Write three paragraphs to define the term 'ergonomics'. (3 paragraphs) //**  Ergonomics is the process and science by which an individual or object is designed to best fit ones life style. This can be used in the office, at home, in the car, and almost anywhere there is a risk of strain. Ergonomics are generally used to prevent long-term strains and injuries.
 * __Human Scale Ergonomics __**
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In today’s modern workplace the use of ergonomics is seen almost everywhere. When we sit on our office, we have chairs that have adjustable heights, wheels for easy movement and a lumbar support for proper posture. When it comes to our desks, everything is designed to make working less agonizing. We have a tray that moves back and forth for the keyboard or even a lamp that moves in a 360-degree motion to be set at any angel.

Overall, ergonomics is a key factor everywhere. Wherever there is a risk of strain or disability, ergonomics is introduced to reduce the possibility of long-term damage.

 Frank B. Gilbreth was an engineer in the early 1900’s who preposed the "Motion Study" Principle. This is a technique for the improvement of productivity and motions when conducting a physical motion. For example, on an assembly line the Motion Study process would look at how to make workers as efficient as possible by having the least movement. Who was Frank Therblig, and how did he utilize 'motion study'? (2 paragraphs) //**  Therblig is the name for one of a set of motions required for a worker to perform a manual operation or task. The motion study allows for the less movement to occur when performing a task**//.//** With the application of Motion Studies and Gilbreth system of motion analysis the motions of a bricklayer was decreased from 18 to 5 motions per brick and increased the number of bricks laid per hour from 125 to 350. //** 
 * //View Frank Gilbreth Bricklaying Ergonomics//**
 * //What is the 'Gilbreth system of motion analysis' (1 paragraph) //**
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 * Describe three categories Frank Gerblith used in the Therblig Analysis Checklis****t.** **(3 paragraphs)**

__1. Position:__ This motion is the act of placing the object in the proper orientation for Use. For example, a screw lies on the workbench in a horizontal orientation, but is to be used in a vertical position. Positioning would occur when the screw is picked up and rotated into the vertical position for inserting it into an object. This function may be completed during Transport Loaded or be a totally separate Therblig. []  __2. Search:__ The Search motion starts when the eyes and/or hand start to seek the object needed and ends just as the object is located. The Gilbreths stated that in a search, "....the time and attention required...varies with the number of dimensions in which the search is performed." A one-dimensional search might be locating a piece of paper on a desktop. A two dimensional search might be finding a light switch on a wall and the three dimensional search would be locating a hanging pull-chain for a light or fan. The Gilbreths also recognized that contrasting colors, shapes or embossed symbols could reduce the search function. This science has been expanded by the modern study of Human Factors Engineering. However, the classic example of the Gilbreths reducing Search was by arranging tools and parts in a physical sequence of use through the Packet Principle. []  __3. Hold:__ Dr. Barnes said this Therblig was "....the retention of an object after it has been grasped, [with] no movement of the object taking place." To clarify, we can call Hold a Grasp, of an object, occurring in one hand, while the other hand performs a Use or Assemble function. While the Gilbreths considered this part of Grasp, Mogensen and Barnes were correct in making it a separate Therblig, so as to alert the user to a negative Therblig, which should be eliminated. This is particularly true in using Therbligs in ergonomics, where static holding is an undesirable posture. By eliminating static Holding, you not only free up a hand for other uses, but also reduce overall fatigue. []